{"id":5,"count":3,"description":"Papermills in Xativa, Spain (1151) and Fabriano, Italy, (1276) were the first to be built in Europe and were powered by streams where the purity and quality of the water in part determined the quality of the paper that was made. In 1390 the first papermill north of the Alps was built outside the walls of the city of Nuremberg, Germany, and is pictured in a corner of a woodcut in the <em>Nuremberg Chronicle <\/em>of 1493.\r\n\r\nBy the middle of the 18th century papermills and papermaking had become so widespread and indispensable that Denis Diderot\u2019s landmark <em>Encyclopedia<\/em>, a supreme product of the Age of Enlightenment, records in words and illustrates in many plates the personnel, machinery, materials, and methods used in papermaking.\r\n\r\nPapermills were always vulnerable to flood and fire and the ebb and flow of owners\u2019 fortunes, and for these reasons it is remarkable that Hayle Mill in Kent, England, was owned and operated by the Barcham Green family for six generations, from 1808 \u2013 1987.","link":"https:\/\/exhibitions.library.vanderbilt.edu\/papermaking\/section\/papermills\/","name":"Papermills","slug":"papermills","taxonomy":"section","parent":0,"meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibitions.library.vanderbilt.edu\/papermaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/section\/5","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibitions.library.vanderbilt.edu\/papermaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/section"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibitions.library.vanderbilt.edu\/papermaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/taxonomies\/section"}],"wp:post_type":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibitions.library.vanderbilt.edu\/papermaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/item?section=5"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}